Ratchet device.



M. KAPFBRER.

RATCHET DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.22,191sA Llgls'?, Patented Dec.15,1914,

ni I I 1 l w M. KAPFBRER.

RATGHET DEVICE.

APPLCATION FILED NOR',

Patented Deo. 15, 1914.

LlQLG?,

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2` MAURICE KAPFERER, OF PUTEAUX, FRANCE.

neuroni-rr DEVICE.

Application Vmed November 22,

'To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Mau-RICE Karmann, residing iii-Puteaux, Seine, France, have in- `vented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet Devices, of ,which the following is :a specification.

This invention relates to -a -ry tchet device adapted more particularly for use in vehicle jacks, Winches, or the like, but quite genorally applicable to all such arrangements .in which -a toothed member such as a rack Supporting a load is to be moved intermittently to and fro by means of an oscillating ratchet pawl. f

The drawings illustrate the invention applied to a lifting jack for automobiles, and in said drawing: Figures l (and 2 represent the device in the two respective extreme positions during the hoisting of the load. Figs. 3 and l illustrate in a corresponding manner the position of .the mechanism during the lowering of the load. Fig. 5 is a 'fragmental view showing a, modied arrangement of the abutment which coperates with the controlling pawl.

The lifting jackconsists in a known man ner vof a frame a guided onwhich in a vertical direction is a ,toothed rack b provided with the supporting fork. Pivoted to the frame. at c is a lever c provided at the tend nearest the rack b with a controlling pawl vwhich is pivotally secured thereon. Rotatably pivoted at e in the frame a is a looking pawl e which is so arranged as to tend, for instance, by its own weight, constantly to engage with the rack b. A peculiar characteristic of this controlling device resides first of all in the fact that the controlling pawl cl is under4 the influence of a fdrce constantly tending to hold the pawl in the position shown vin Fig. 3, that is to say, out of engagement. This is effected in the simplest manner, as shown in the drawing, by the provision thereon of a counterweight d. A further peculiarity consists in that the reversal of 'the controlling movement is effected by a displacement of ,the working path of the controlling pawl .d in order to throw reali-nto engagement in one of its er- Specication of Letters Patent.

of engagement 'ment both actions may in Patented Dec. 155, 1914.

19a-2. v"-.sariai No. 302,470.

treme positions by means of an abutment, at will. As can more particularly be recognized from the vpositions of the lever c, the extreme positions maintained during hoisting (Figs. l -a-nd 2) are yboth lower. than `those for the lowering shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

In the lowest position (Fig. l) the control-ling pawl is brought into engagement with rack b by an abutment arranged either on the frame a or on the lever c. In the construction shown an elastic abutment is used in the form of a leaf-spring f which is represented in Fig. l as attached to the lever e, and in Fig. 5 as attached to the frame. Now when the load is hoisted the controlling pawl is held in the operative position by the back pressure 4or weight of the load, (Fig. 2). In the subsequent return movement the locking -pawl e drops into engagement and -holds the rack b in the position attained leased by the weight of the arm d. During the return movement the controlling pawl remains out of engagement and only on the lowest position being reached is forced into engagement by the spring In this manner a continuous advance movement of the rack may be attained for hoisting purposes. If the movement is to be reversed the cond trolling pawl d is lowered only to such an extent that the spring f does not bear on it. The controlling pawl therefore remains out during the upward move- It is, however, moved to a certain extent beyond the highest position previously attained (Fig. 4). By this movement an abutment is rendered operative which at the beginning of each return movement throws the controlling pawl into engagement. At the same time the locking pawl is released by this further movement. If the locking pawl itself is used as abutthe simplest manner be attained by an'ela-stic member inluencing both pawls. To this end a leafspring g is provided on the controlling pawl, as shown.l In the position in Fig. 3,

ment (Fig. 3).

this spring is. in contact with the loclnng while the vcontrolling pawl l1s relocking pavvl e.

' tioned as to be inclined gli meneer pavvl e which is held in its position by the load and in gliding along the locking pavvl el'ccts directly the engagement of the con trolling part, Se soon as the latter has entered the teeth of the raclr it suilices to raise the rack slightly in order to release the locking pavvl and to move'it away from the tooth "which was previously engaged.

Noiv in the return movement the controlling pawl is held in enghgement by the pressure of the load until the locking pavvl is caused again to engage, after which the controlling pavvl owing to the iree action of the Weighted arm deis automatically raised outv of en# gagenient. The movement is now lreversed before the spring y is brought to bear on the controlling paivl.' ln this manner a continuous return movement of the raclr or lowo ering of 'the load is attained. lnthe present arrangement, therefore, it suiices to add to the two paivls' merely tvvo siinpley elements, namely, the leaf-springs f and g which obviously could be arranged in a modified manner and if desired be replaced by vabutments of any other kind adapted to attain the double. controlling action. The raising of .the load takes place when the controlling` pavvl is 'moved solely Within the lower area of its oscillating; scope and the lovverinef ol the load when the" movement is restricted to the upper area of that scope.

New it may'bedesired to determine'the amplitude of the operating lever c or of the controllingn pa'vvl o in both cases by appropriate Astops and yto this end' the device is amplified in the following manner: lonnested to the lever c is a detachable handle )t which may be arranged in'two different positions and therabyenables dllierent abutments to become operative. The handle by preference consists of a curved or angular member fz. slipped over the lever o by means of a sleeve-shaped portion 7a.. Duringthe raising' of the load the member/t is so posidownwardly with regard to the lever c. The free end o this handle then strikes the freund 'as shown in Fig. 2, on the controllingpaivl. being raised, at the desired time, that is to say, priorto the spring ,7 coininfr into contact with the Y Y ln the opposite position the throw is limited by the locking paivl 'in order to lovve'r thc load. the handle is so placed on the lever c as to be inclined up- Wartly with .regard thereto7 thereby enabling' the syn-ing y to become opera tive (Fig. 4), before the handle end 'strikes the ground. ln this opposite position a stop ft2 'arranged on the' sleeve it is caused to bea" on a lug a 'of the frame 'whereby the controlling paivl is held fast slightly beloiv the position in which the spring g out oi action.

Obviously the abutment adapted to loe rendered operativi-:hy reversing the handle may be inodi'led and incre 'particularly adapted to support the load,

the lower limit instead of being formed by the ground or floor may be constituted ley-an abutment actually provided on the frame.

The bending or olsetting of the handle la is the handling easier since the operation ofthe lever in bothcases may take place in the most' favorable Working position.

What l claim and desire to secure by Lettere Patent is c i l. A ratchet device for load lifting jacks, comprising' a controlling paWl 'arrangedv under the constant influence of a force tending to hold the said pavvl out .of en agement and adapted forcibly to be engage solely in two extreme positions by means of abutments so as to act as a hoisting or lowering pavvl' ac'- cordin'g to its movement between one oftW'o extreme'positions and a central position."

,2. A ratchet device for loadv f lifting jacks, comprising a controlling pawl ar-v ranged under the constant influence"0f a. force tending to hold it out of' engagement, a locking' pawl, a rack adapted to support the load and'to engage with either'or both pawls, and a. lever for operating; thepavvls so that the controlling pavvl in the hoisting movement is caused ,to engage 'with the said rack by a leatspring on the' operating lever prior to each upward movementanolthat in the lowering` movement prior to each downward movement 'another leaf-spring ar` ranged on one ofthe two pavvls causes the controlling pavvl to engage and thereafter by its release automatically controls the 'locking pavvl, substantially/as set vforth.

' 3. A ratchet device for load lifting jacks, comprising a controlling pawl arranged under the constant influence of a counter Weight tending to hold the pavvl'outi of engagement, a looking paivl and an operating lever carrying the 'said controlling pawl and provided with a reversible handle having its free end'bci'it' so that after reversing 4the' handle the Working path of the controlling paivl is displaced Without var'yin' the amplitude of move'inent'of the handle, substantially'as set forth. f

Il. A ratchet device for load lifting jacks, comprising; 'a controlling pavvl subjected to the constant iniliilence of a counterweight tending to hold the pawl out of engagement, an operating' lever carrying the said controlling; said'flever, and abutnients so actuated by the reversal of the said handle that the oscilla'- tion ,of the lever is'limited in a central position according' to the controlling direction desired, substantially'as set forth.

5. A ratchet device for load lifting jacks, comprising in combination ,a toothed rack a controlling pavvl provided with' countervveight tendmemo? ing to vhold the said pawl constantly out of engagement with the saidrack, an o eratin lever to which the said control in aw is pvoted, a locking pawl pivote lndependently of the said controlling pawl, a leaf-spring arranged between and adapted to coperate with the said two pawls, a leaf-spring connected to the said operating lever and a reversible curved handle on the said lever, all substantially as described 10 MAURlCE KAPFERER.

Witnesses PAUL BLUM, HANsoN C. COKE. 

